Ô nhiễm môi trường đang trở thành vấn đề cấp bách trên toàn cầu, ảnh hưởng nghiêm trọng đến sức khỏe con người, hệ sinh thái và biến đổi khí hậu. Việc nắm vững từ vựng tiếng Anh liên quan đến chủ đề “The impact of pollution” không chỉ giúp bạn hiểu rõ hơn về các vấn đề môi trường mà còn hỗ trợ trong việc học tập và thi cử, đặc biệt là IELTS. Bài viết này cung cấp danh sách 100 từ vựng chọn lọc kèm nghĩa và ví dụ minh họa, giúp bạn dễ dàng áp dụng trong giao tiếp và viết lách.
Đọc thêm: 1 số từ vựng tiếng anh cơ bản.
Đọc thêm: 1000 từ vựng tiếng Anh cơ bản PDF
Danh sách từ vựng
- Pollution – Ô nhiễm
Example: Air pollution in big cities can cause respiratory problems. - Contamination – Sự nhiễm bẩn
Example: Water contamination is a major issue in industrial areas. - Emission – Khí thải
Example: Factories must reduce carbon emissions to protect the environment. - Smog – Sương mù ô nhiễm
Example: The city was covered in thick smog, reducing visibility. - Toxic – Độc hại
Example: Toxic chemicals from factories harm marine life. - Waste – Chất thải
Example: Improper disposal of waste pollutes rivers and oceans. - Deforestation – Phá rừng
Example: Deforestation contributes to environmental pollution and climate change. - Greenhouse gas – Khí nhà kính
Example: Greenhouse gases trap heat, causing global warming. - Carbon footprint – Dấu chân carbon
Example: Reducing your carbon footprint helps combat climate change. - Sustainability – Tính bền vững
Example: We need to adopt sustainable practices to reduce pollution. - Recycling – Tái chế
Example: Recycling plastic bottles helps reduce landfill waste. - Contaminant – Chất gây ô nhiễm
Example: Oil spills release contaminants into the ocean. - Ecosystem – Hệ sinh thái
Example: Pollution can destroy fragile ecosystems like coral reefs. - Hazardous – Nguy hiểm
Example: Hazardous waste must be disposed of carefully. - Fossil fuel – Nhiên liệu hóa thạch
Example: Burning fossil fuels releases harmful pollutants into the air. - Acid rain – Mưa axit
Example: Acid rain damages forests and aquatic life. - Ozone layer – Tầng ozone
Example: The depletion of the ozone layer increases UV radiation. - Biodegradable – Phân hủy sinh học
Example: Biodegradable materials reduce environmental pollution. - Landfill – Bãi rác
Example: Overfilled landfills contribute to soil pollution. - Sewage – Nước thải
Example: Untreated sewage pollutes rivers and lakes. - Particulate matter – Hạt vi lượng
Example: Particulate matter in the air can cause lung diseases. - Industrial waste – Chất thải công nghiệp
Example: Industrial waste often contains harmful chemicals. - Global warming – Nóng lên toàn cầu
Example: Pollution is a major driver of global warming. - Renewable energy – Năng lượng tái tạo
Example: Renewable energy sources reduce pollution levels. - Biodiversity – Đa dạng sinh học
Example: Pollution threatens biodiversity in rainforests. - Erosion – Xói mòn
Example: Soil erosion is worsened by pollution and deforestation. - Contaminated – Bị ô nhiễm
Example: The river was contaminated by factory runoff. - Exhaust fumes – Khí thải xe cộ
Example: Exhaust fumes from cars contribute to air pollution. - Overpopulation – Quá tải dân số
Example: Overpopulation leads to increased pollution levels. - Runoff – Nước chảy tràn
Example: Agricultural runoff pollutes nearby water sources. - Pesticide – Thuốc trừ sâu
Example: Excessive use of pesticides harms soil and water quality. - Microplastic – Vi nhựa
Example: Microplastics in oceans threaten marine ecosystems. - Thermal pollution – Ô nhiễm nhiệt
Example: Thermal pollution from factories raises water temperatures. - Noise pollution – Ô nhiễm tiếng ồn
Example: Noise pollution affects both human health and wildlife. - Air quality – Chất lượng không khí
Example: Poor air quality can lead to chronic respiratory issues. - Waterborne disease – Bệnh lây qua nước
Example: Contaminated water can spread waterborne diseases. - Eutrophication – Phù dưỡng
Example: Eutrophication causes algae blooms in polluted lakes. - Heavy metal – Kim loại nặng
Example: Heavy metals in soil can harm crops and human health. - Urbanization – Đô thị hóa
Example: Rapid urbanization increases pollution in cities. - Climate change – Biến đổi khí hậu
Example: Pollution is a key factor in accelerating climate change. - Ozone depletion – Suy giảm tầng ozone
Example: Ozone depletion allows harmful UV rays to reach Earth. - Sewage treatment – Xử lý nước thải
Example: Proper sewage treatment reduces water pollution. - Carbon dioxide – Khí CO2
Example: High levels of carbon dioxide contribute to global warming. - Methane – Khí metan
Example: Methane emissions from landfills harm the environment. - Deforestation – Phá rừng
Example: Deforestation reduces the planet’s ability to absorb CO2. - Aquifer – Tầng nước ngầm
Example: Pollution can contaminate aquifers, affecting water supplies. - Smokestack – Ống khói công nghiệp
Example: Smokestacks release pollutants into the atmosphere. - Non-renewable – Không thể tái tạo
Example: Non-renewable resources like coal increase pollution. - Bioremediation – Phục hồi sinh học
Example: Bioremediation uses microbes to clean polluted sites. - Degradation – Suy thoái
Example: Soil degradation is caused by chemical pollution. - Fertilizer – Phân bón
Example: Excessive fertilizers cause water pollution through runoff. - Land degradation – Suy thoái đất
Example: Land degradation reduces agricultural productivity. - Oil spill – Tràn dầu
Example: Oil spills devastate marine ecosystems. - Atmospheric pollution – Ô nhiễm khí quyển
Example: Atmospheric pollution affects global weather patterns. - Groundwater – Nước ngầm
Example: Groundwater contamination threatens drinking water safety. - Carbon monoxide – Khí CO
Example: Carbon monoxide from vehicles is harmful to humans. - Chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) – Khí CFC
Example: CFCs contribute to ozone layer depletion. - Plastic waste – Rác thải nhựa
Example: Plastic waste pollutes oceans and harms wildlife. - Sustainable development – Phát triển bền vững
Example: Sustainable development minimizes environmental pollution. - Airborne pollutant – Chất ô nhiễm trong không khí
Example: Airborne pollutants can cause asthma and allergies. - Chemical spill – Tràn hóa chất
Example: Chemical spills can contaminate soil and water. - Wildlife – Động vật hoang dã
Example: Pollution threatens the survival of wildlife. - Effluent – Nước thải công nghiệp
Example: Effluent from factories pollutes rivers. - Defoliant – Chất làm rụng lá
Example: Defoliants used in agriculture can pollute soil. - Global temperature – Nhiệt độ toàn cầu
Example: Pollution raises global temperatures, causing heatwaves. - E-waste – Rác thải điện tử
Example: Improper disposal of e-waste releases toxic substances. - Soot – Bụi than
Example: Soot from burning coal pollutes the air. - Conservation – Bảo tồn
Example: Conservation efforts help reduce pollution’s impact. - Desertification – Sa mạc hóa
Example: Pollution and deforestation contribute to desertification. - Incineration – Thiêu đốt
Example: Incineration of waste releases toxic gases. - Nitrogen oxide – Khí nitơ oxit
Example: Nitrogen oxides contribute to smog formation. - Particulate pollution – Ô nhiễm hạt bụi
Example: Particulate pollution reduces air quality in urban areas. - Soil contamination – Ô nhiễm đất
Example: Soil contamination affects crop safety. - Water scarcity – Khan hiếm nước
Example: Pollution exacerbates water scarcity in many regions. - Bioaccumulation – Tích lũy sinh học
Example: Toxins in fish result from bioaccumulation in polluted waters. - Smelter – Lò luyện kim
Example: Smelters release pollutants into the air and soil. - Urban sprawl – Sự lan rộng đô thị
Example: Urban sprawl increases pollution from construction. - Algal bloom – Nở hoa tảo
Example: Algal blooms are caused by nutrient pollution in water. - Renewable resource – Tài nguyên tái tạo
Example: Using renewable resources reduces pollution. - Toxic waste – Chất thải độc hại
Example: Toxic waste requires special disposal methods. - Air purifier – Máy lọc không khí
Example: Air purifiers help reduce indoor pollution. - Carbon sink – Bể chứa carbon
Example: Forests act as carbon sinks, reducing pollution. - Environmentalist – Nhà môi trường
Example: Environmentalists advocate for pollution reduction. - Green technology – Công nghệ xanh
Example: Green technology helps reduce industrial pollution. - Sulfur dioxide – Khí SO2
Example: Sulfur dioxide emissions cause acid rain. - Thermal energy – Năng lượng nhiệt
Example: Thermal energy production can increase pollution. - Water treatment – Xử lý nước
Example: Water treatment plants remove pollutants from sewage. - Overfishing – Đánh bắt quá mức
Example: Pollution and overfishing harm marine ecosystems. - Reforestation – Tái trồng rừng
Example: Reforestation helps combat pollution and climate change. - Urban runoff – Nước chảy tràn đô thị
Example: Urban runoff carries pollutants into rivers. - Volatile organic compound (VOC) – Hợp chất hữu cơ dễ bay hơi
Example: VOCs contribute to air pollution and smog. - Waste management – Quản lý chất thải
Example: Effective waste management reduces pollution. - Atmospheric deposition – Lắng đọng khí quyển
Example: Atmospheric deposition spreads pollutants to remote areas. - Biohazard – Nguy cơ sinh học
Example: Biohazards from medical waste can pollute water sources. - Carbon cycle – Chu trình carbon
Example: Pollution disrupts the natural carbon cycle. - Ecological footprint – Dấu chân sinh thái
Example: Reducing your ecological footprint helps the environment. - Green initiative – Sáng kiến xanh
Example: Green initiatives promote pollution-free cities. - Industrialization – Công nghiệp hóa
Example: Industrialization increases air and water pollution. - Ozone pollution – Ô nhiễm ozone
Example: Ozone pollution harms both humans and plants. - Mitigation – Giảm thiểu
Example: Mitigation strategies are essential to reduce pollution.
